VDA 275: Determination of Formaldehyde Emission from Automotive Interior Materials

Overview and Purpose

VDA 275 is a standard issued by the Verband der Automobilindustrie (VDA), the German Association of the Automotive Industry, specifying the method for measuring formaldehyde emissions from materials used within the vehicle interior. Given the potential health risks associated with formaldehyde exposure, this standard aims to ensure that materials used in vehicle interiors maintain emissions within safe limits, contributing to the health and safety of vehicle occupants.

How the Test is Conducted

1. Sample Preparation: Interior material samples are prepared and conditioned according to the standard’s guidelines to ensure consistency and accuracy in testing. This often involves maintaining the samples at a specific temperature and humidity level before testing.
2. Formaldehyde Emission Testing: The method typically involves placing the material sample in a sealed chamber or container under controlled conditions. Air from the chamber is then drawn through an absorption solution that captures emitted formaldehyde.
3. Analysis: The concentration of formaldehyde in the absorption solution is analyzed using techniques such as spectrophotometry. The results are calculated to determine the emission rate of formaldehyde from the material sample.

Purpose of the Test

• Health and Safety: To minimize the health risks associated with formaldehyde exposure, especially in the confined space of a vehicle interior.
• Material Selection and Development: Assists manufacturers in selecting or developing interior materials that emit low levels of formaldehyde, ensuring compliance with health and safety standards.
• Regulatory Compliance: Helps manufacturers ensure that their products comply with international regulations and standards regarding VOC emissions from automotive interiors.