VDA 270: Determination of the Odour Characteristics of Trim Materials in Motor Vehicles

Overview and Purpose

VDA 270 is a standard developed by the German Association of the Automotive Industry (Verband der Automobilindustrie, VDA) to quantify and assess the odor characteristics of materials used inside vehicles. The presence of unpleasant odors can significantly affect the perceived quality of a vehicle and the comfort of its occupants. Therefore, this standard provides a method for evaluating the intensity and nature of odors emitted by automotive interior materials under specific conditions.

How the Test is Conducted

1. Sample Preparation: Samples of trim materials are prepared and conditioned at a specified temperature to promote the release of volatile compounds that could contribute to odor.
2. Odor Evaluation: Trained panelists or odor experts conduct the evaluations in a controlled environment. They assess the odor intensity and character of the material samples, often using a scale defined by the standard to rate the odors from non-detectable to extremely strong.
3. Data Analysis: The results from the panelists are compiled and analyzed to determine the material’s overall odor characteristics. This can involve calculating average scores for intensity and identifying any specific odor descriptors that apply to the material.

Purpose of the Test

• Material Selection: Assists manufacturers in selecting interior materials that meet specific odor criteria, ensuring that new vehicles have a pleasant or neutral smell.
• Quality Assurance: Forms a critical part of the quality assurance process for vehicle interiors, ensuring that materials do not detract from the occupant’s comfort due to strong or unpleasant odors.
• Product Development: Provides valuable feedback for the development of new materials and treatments aimed at reducing or eliminating undesirable odors.